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Original Articles: General Thoracic

Effects of Cyclosporine A and Bronchial Transection on Mucociliary Transport in Rats

^a Laboratory of Thoracic Surgery Research, Department of Cardiopneumology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
^b Pulmonary Division, Department of Cardiopneumology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
^c Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
^d Heart Institute of Clinics Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Accepted for publication February 11, 2008.

^_* Address correspondence to Dr Pêgo-Fernandes, Laboratory of Thoracic Surgery Research, Department of Cardiopneumology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44-2° andar, bloco 2, sala 9, São Paulo-SP, 05403-000, Brazil (Email: paulo.fernandes{at}incor.usp.br).

Presented at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Fort Lauderdale, FL, Jan 28–30, 2008.

Background: Posttransplant infection remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. We hypothesized that bronchial transection and immunosuppression by cyclosporine both play a key role in the impairment of airway mucociliary clearance, a basic defense system.

Methods: Sixty-four rats were assigned to four groups of 16 each according to surgical procedure and drug therapy as follows: sham-operated and saline solution; bronchial transection and saline solution; sham-operated and cyclosporine; bronchial transection and cyclosporine (10 mg/kg/day). Eight animals from each group were euthanized on postoperative day 30 or 90. In vitro mucus transportability, in situ mucociliary transport, and ciliary beating frequency were measured.

Results: There was a significant impairment (p < 0.001) on ciliary beating frequency due to either bronchial transection or cyclosporine therapy. In vitro transportability was impaired only in cyclosporine-treated groups (p < 0.001). In situ mucociliary transport was reduced in cyclosporine-treated animals as well as in those that underwent bronchial transection (p < 0.001). This impairment was significantly recovered 90 days after operation. In contrast, the effects of cyclosporine did not change over 90 days of treatment.

Conclusions: These results support our hypothesis that mucociliary clearance is impaired after bronchial transection and cyclosporine therapy. Further studies are necessary to relate this finding with posttransplant infection and also to test some drugs aiming to protect airway mucociliary system.