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Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75:790-795
© 2003 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Original article: cardiovascular

Improved neurohormonal markers of ventricular function after restoring sinus rhythm by the Maze procedure

Anders Albåge, MDa*, Göran Kennebäck, MD, PhDb, Jan van der Linden, MD, PhDa, Hans Berglund, MD, PhDb

a Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Stockholm, Sweden
b Department of Cardiology, Karolinska Institute at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Accepted for publication September 27, 2002.

* Address reprint requests to Dr Albge, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Huddinge University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
e-mail: anders.albage{at}hs.se

BACKGROUND: Clinical results of the Maze procedure for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) are excellent, suggesting improved ventricular function after restoring sinus rhythm. However, long-term corresponding effects on the release of cardiac natriuretic peptides and other vasoactive hormones are incompletely investigated after isolated Maze surgery.

METHODS: Plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and angiotensin II were measured in 15 patients (mean age, 52 ± 11 years) undergoing isolated surgical Maze (III) procedures for medically refractory AF, preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. At the time of blood sampling, hemodynamic correlates were obtained at baseline and after 6 and 12 minutes of rapid ventricular pacing at 150 stimulations/minute.

RESULTS: All patients were free of AF at 6-month follow-up. The measured plasma levels of BNP, ANP, and angiotensin II were all significantly lower (p = 0.03) late after the isolated Maze procedure. Cardiac output was significantly higher postoperatively (p <0.01). Other hemodynamic values and left atrial size were unchanged after surgery. Ventricular pacing caused almost identical hemodynamic changes in atrial pressures before and late after surgery, but the associated plasma ANP response was significantly attenuated postoperatively (p <0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Levels of cardiac natriuretic peptides and angiotensin II as markers of ventricular function are improved in the long term after clinically successful isolated Maze procedures. ANP response to hemodynamic challenge by ventricular pacing was attenuated postoperatively, possibly due to atrial scarring.




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