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The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol 58, 945-951, Copyright © 1994 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
ML Jacobs and WI Norwood Jr
The mortality rate of the Fontan operation for heart malformations with a
single or dominant ventricle has been reduced by dividing the procedure
into two stages. The hemi-Fontan procedure allows early reduction of the
volume work of the single ventricle and remodeling of ventricular geometry
before a completion Fontan operation. Despite the improvement of survival
with this strategy (8% mortality for completion Fontan versus 16% mortality
for primary Fontan operation), morbidity related to serous effusions
remains substantial. Further technical modifications have been undertaken
in an effort to reduce morbidity and further reduce mortality. From January
1990 through June 1993, 200 patients underwent completion Fontan procedures
after previous hemi- Fontan operations. Mean age was 23 months, and 157
patients were less than 24 months of age. Diagnoses were hypoplastic left
heart syndrome (127 patients), tricuspid atresia (19 patients), single left
ventricle (17 patients), complex double-outlet right ventricle (16
patients), pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (8 patients),
and other (13 patients). Overall, early mortality rate was 8% (16
patients). In the last 112 patients, the procedure was modified technically
by creating one or more fenestrations in the baffle used to separate
systemic venous blood from pulmonary venous blood (36 patients), or by
excluding one or more hepatic veins from the systemic venous pathway (76
patients). Early mortality for these 112 patients was reduced to 4.5% (5
patients). Substantial morbidity from serous effusions occurred at a rate
of 45% (35 of 78 patients) among survivors who had received neither
technical modification.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
Fontan operation: influence of modifications on morbidity and mortality
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104.
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