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The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol 55, 888-892, Copyright © 1993 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
GH Almassi, GN Olinger, JN Wetherbee and G Fehl
Over a period of 8.5 years in 255 patients with full-system implantable
cardioverter defibrillators, lead-specific complications requiring
reoperation developed in 32 patients. A total of 36 leads were affected.
Lead fracture was the cause of failure in half of these patients.
Refinement and improvement in structural designs of these leads, use of
endocardial leads, and attention to technical details during implantation
should decrease the incidence of these complications.
ARTICLES
Long-term complications of implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead systems
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
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