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The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol 45, 647-649, Copyright © 1988 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
TS Padayachee, S Parsons, R Theobold, RG Gosling and PB Deverall
Noninvasive in vivo detection of gaseous microemboli in the middle cerebral
artery, by transcranial Doppler ultrasound, was used to determine the
effect of filtration in the arterial catheter using 25- and 40-microns
filters and bubble oxygenators in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary
bypass surgery. Eighteen patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery
were studied using a closed cardiac (unvented heart) model. Group 1
patients (no filters) had the highest incidence of gaseous microemboli, as
indicated by the ultrasound microemboli index, at both high and low oxygen
flow rates. Group 2 patients (40- microns filters) had a significantly
lower microemboli index, particularly at low oxygen flow rates (t = 4.9, p
less than 0.001). The 25-microns group patients had the lowest values of
all. No microemboli were detected at low oxygen flow rates, and microemboli
were detected in only 0.1% of the samples at high oxygen flow rates.
Additionally, observations on vented hearts in 3 patients undergoing
cardiac valve surgery indicate that the origin of gaseous microemboli may
be air trapped inside the heart.
ARTICLES
The effect of arterial filtration on reduction of gaseous microemboli in the middle cerebral artery during cardiopulmonary bypass
Department of Radiological Sciences, Guy's Hospital, London, England.
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