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The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Vol 45, 340-345, Copyright © 1988 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
S Mahfood, WR Hix, BL Aaron, P Blaes and DC Watson
Unilateral reexpansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is a rare complication of the
treatment of lung collapse secondary to pneumothorax, pleural effusion, or
atelectasis. Although RPE generally is believed to occur only when a
chronically collapsed lung is rapidly reexpanded by evacuation of large
amounts of air or fluid, in this review 15 of 47 cases of RPE available for
assessment occurred when the pulmonary collapse was of short duration or
when the lung was reexpanded without suction. The pathogenesis of RPE is
unknown and is probably multifactorial. Implicated in the etiological
process of RPE are chronicity of collapse, technique of reexpansion,
increased pulmonary vascular permeability, airway obstruction, loss of
surfactant, and pulmonary artery pressure changes. Since the outcome of RPE
was fatal in 11 of 53 cases reviewed (20%), physicians treating lung
collapse must be aware of the possible causes and endeavor to prevent the
occurrence of this complication.
ARTICLES
Reexpansion pulmonary edema
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis.
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